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Achyranthes Root
Achyranthes Root
懐牛膝
Market name:懐牛膝
Photo location:Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med.
TMPW No.:609
Achyranthes bidentata
Plant name:Achyranthes bidentata
Photo location:Sichuan Prov., China
Photo date:1995
Photographer:K. Komatsu

Synonym  
Latin name Achyranthis Radix
Botanical source: Family name Amaranthaceae
Botanical source: Plant name - Achyranthes bidentata Blume (IPNI:58678-1)
- Achyranthes fauriei H.Léveillé et Vaniot (IPNI:58726-1)
Part used Root
Empirical criteria for quality selection Good one is long, enlarged, dense, soft and yellowish-white in color. Chinese ones are high quality (TN).
Constituents Triterpenoid saponins:
Saponin, whose genin is oleanolic acid

Sterols:
β-sitosterol,stigamasterol

Ecdysones & Phytoecdysones:
A. bidentata, A. longifolia: Ecdysterone, Inokosterone
C. officinalis: Cyasterone

Other:
K-Succinate,K-Oxalate,γ-Aminobutyric acid
Pharmacological effects Antiallergy and antiosteoporosis.
Indications As a diuretic and painkiller, for removing blood stasis and inducing menstruation, it is applied to treat menstrual disorder, blood stasis, arthritis of lumbar and knee joints, paralysis, edema and oliguria.
Diseases Menorrhalgia, Extension of menstrual cycle, Amenorrhea, Intra-abdominal tumor, Dystocia, Retention of the placenta, Swelling and pain due to contusion, Swelling and pain of joint, Heaviness and powerlessness in lumber and knee, Lower back pain, Edema, Urodynia, Dysuria, Hematuria, Nasal hemorrhage, Hematemesis, Hemoptysis, Swelling and pain of the root of tooth, Stomatitis, Bleeding from root of tooth, Headache, Vertigo, Stagger
Formulas ishoho , kamishimotsuto , kyukichoketsuindaiichikagen , goshitsusan , goshajinkigan , sesshoin , sokeikakketsuto , daibofuto
Meridian tropism Liver, Kidney
Property Neutral
Flavor Achyranthis Radix: bitter, sour and Cyathulae Radix: sweet, slightly bitter
Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" Superior
TCM: Classification Drugs for regulating blood conditions
TCM: Medicinal effects To replenish the liver and the kidney, to strengthen the tendons and bones, to eliminate blood stasis and stimulate menstrual discharge, and to lead blood to flow downward.
Used for soreness of the lumbar and knee joints with weakness in the legs, amenorrhea with mass formation in the abdomen, dizziness due to hyperactivity of the liver.
Remarks Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed.
Sengoshitsu (Chuanniuxi in CN; Cyathulae Radix) is the root of Cyathula officinalis Kuan of family Amaranthaceae. It is both cultivated and found wild in Sichuan Province. It is listed in The Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China (2015 ed.). It is used for activating blood and restoring menstruation, strengthening joints, and curing strangury by inducing diuresis. It is applied for amenorrhea with mass formation in the abdomen, retention of placenta caused by stagnation of blood stasis, palsy of joints, weakness in the legs and muscle, hematuria and bruises. Chuanniuxi is also called Quantianniuxi, Mixinniuxi, Yunniuxi, Guainiuxi and Tianniuxi. Many plants of genus Achyranthes are used as Nuixi locally, which are called Tuniuxi.
References TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998.
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
Gene Region
Nuclear Chloroplast Mitochondria
Botanical source: Plant name 5Ss 18S ITS1 5.8S ITS2 26S others trnH-psbA matK trnK trnK-rps16 trnT-L trnL trnL-F rbcL rpoC1 ndhF others
Achyranthes fauriei H.Léveillé et Vaniot (IPNI:58726-1)
Achyranthes bidentata Blume (IPNI:58678-1)
 

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