Japanese Gentian
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Market name：龍胆 Photo location：Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med. TMPW No.：10807 |
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Plant name：Gentiana scabra Photo location：Gansu Prov., China Photo date：1993 Photographer：K. Komatsu |
| Synonym | Chinese Gentian |
| Latin name | Gentianae Scabrae Radix |
| Botanical source: Family name | Gentianaceae |
| Botanical source: Plant name | - Gentiana scabra Bunge (IPNI:368876-1) - Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa (IPNI:368483-1) - Gentiana triflora Pallas (IPNI:369055-1) |
| Part used | Rhizome and root |
| Empirical criteria for quality selection | Good one is large, pale yellowish-brown and has many fibrous roots. (TN) |
| Constituents | Oligosaccharides: Gentianose, Gentiobiose Monoterpenoids: Gentiopicrin, Swertiamarin, Gentianine; G. triflora var. japonica: Trifloroside Xanthones: Gentisin Other aromatic derivatives: Gentisic acid |
| Pharmacological effects | Enhanced secretion of gastric juice (extract). |
| Indications | As bitter stomachic, it is used the same way as gentian. In Kampo medicine, it is applied to treat congestion of digestive organs, inflammation, urethriris and rheumatoid as its antiinflammatory action. |
| Diseases | Jaundice, Dysuria, Urodynia, Cloudy urine, Scrotal swelling, Itching of the genital, Leukorrhea, Red eye, Eye pain, Chest pain, Pain of lateral sides of trunk, Deafness, Swelling and pain of the ear, High fever, Convulsion |
| Formulas | kamigedokuto , sokeikakketsuto , rikkosan , ryutanshakanto |
| Meridian tropism | Liver, Gall bladder |
| Property | Cold |
| Flavor | Bitter |
| Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" | Superior |
| TCM: Classification | Antipyretics |
| TCM: Medicinal effects | To clear heat and dry dampness, purge liver-gallbladder fire. Used for dampness-heat jaundice, pudendal swelling and itching, vaginal discharge, itching caused by eczema, red eyes caused by liver fire, tinnitus and deafness, hypochondriac pain and bitter taste in the mouth, persistent erection, convulsions. |
| Remarks | Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed. |
| References | TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998. |
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
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| Nuclear | Chloroplast | Mitochondria | |||||||||||||||||
| Botanical source: Plant name | 5Ss | 18S | ITS1 | 5.8S | ITS2 | 26S | others | trnH-psbA | matK | trnK | trnK-rps16 | trnT-L | trnL | trnL-F | rbcL | rpoC1 | ndhF | others | |
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