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Anemarrhena Rhizome
Anemarrhena Rhizome
知母
Market name:知母
Photo location:Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med.
TMPW No.:10804
Anemarrhena asphodeloides
Plant name:Anemarrhena asphodeloides
Photo location:Mongolia
Photo date:2004
Photographer:K. Komatsu

Synonym  
Latin name Anemarrhenae Rhizoma
Botanical source: Family name Liliaceae
Botanical source: Plant name Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (IPNI:530140-1)
Part used Rhizome
Empirical criteria for quality selection Good one is enlarged, moist and has yellow hair roots. (TN)
Constituents Steroid saponins & Sapogenins:
Timosaponin A-I, Timosaponin A-II, Timosaponin A-III, Timosaponin A-IV, Timosaponin B-I, Timosaponin B-II, Sarsasapogenin, Markogenin, Neogitogenin

Xanthones:
Mangiferin, Isomangiferin

Amino acids:
Pantothenic acid

Pyridine alkaloids:
Nicotinic acid
Pharmacological effects Hypoglycemic (extract). Antipyretic and antibacterial (decoction). Hypotensive, suppression of respiratory center, hemolytic (timosaponins).
Indications As an antifebrile, diuretic, tranquilizer, antiussive and antidiarrheal drug, it is applied to treat high fever and excessive thirst.
Diseases High fever, Thirst, Cough, Dry cough, Night sweats, Anhidrosis, Dysuria, Constipation
Formulas ishoho , ogibekkoto , kamishimotsuto , keishishakuyakuchimoto , sansoninto , shofusan , shin'iseihaito , jiinkokato , jiinshihoto , jijintsujito , jingyobekkoto , seinetsuhoketsuto , chibakujiogan , byakkokakeishito , byakkokaninjinto , byakkoto
Meridian tropism Lung, Stomach, Kidney
Property Cold
Flavor Bitter
Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" Middle
TCM: Classification Antipyretics
TCM: Medicinal effects To remove heat and quench fire, and to promote the production of body fluid and relieve dryness syndromes.: For febrile disease with high fever and dire thirst, heat in the lung with dry cough, consumptive fever, diabetes due to internal heat, constipation.
Remarks Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed.
References TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998.
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
Gene Region
Nuclear Chloroplast Mitochondria
Botanical source: Plant name 5Ss 18S ITS1 5.8S ITS2 26S others trnH-psbA matK trnK trnK-rps16 trnT-L trnL trnL-F rbcL rpoC1 ndhF others
Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (IPNI:530140-1)
atpB
 AJ417570
cob
 DQ859077
atpA
 AY299711
 

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Section of Pharmacognosy,
Division of Medicinal Resources,
Department of Research and Development,
Institute of Natural Medicine,
University of Toyama
2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
TEL: +81-76-434-7601
FAX: +81-76-434-5064