Areca
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Market name：檳榔子 Photo location：Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med. TMPW No.：2106 |
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Plant name：Areca catechu Photo location：India Photo date：2000 Photographer：K. Komatsu |
| Synonym | |
| Latin name | Arecae Semen |
| Botanical source: Family name | Palmae |
| Botanical source: Plant name | Areca catechu Linné (IPNI:664107-1) |
| Part used | Ripe seed |
| Empirical criteria for quality selection | Good one has not been damaged by insects and has no hole at the hilum. The shape is oblate (TN). |
| Constituents | Fatty acids: Lauric acid, Myristic acid, Oleic acid, Palmitic acid, Stearic acid, Capric acid Tannins: Arecatannins Alkaloids: Arecoline, Arecaidine, Guvacoline, Guvacine, Isoguvacine |
| Pharmacological effects | Excitation of parasympathetic nerve, central excitation, smooth muscle contraction, stimulation of mucus secretory gland, decrease in blood pressure (arecoline), anthelmintic (alcohol extract/earthworm, tapeworm). |
| Indications | As an astringent and stomachic, it is applied to treat beriberi, abdominal distention, abdominal pain and indigestion. It is also used as an anthelmintic for tapeworm, glaucoma and ointment base. |
| Diseases | Full stomach, Abdominal pain, Constipation, Tenesmus, Beriberi edema, Roundworm, Malaria |
| Formulas | ureitsukisan , en'nenhangeto , kumibinroto , keimeisankabukuryo , shobaito , jurokumiryukiin , nyoshinsan , henseishinkiin |
| Meridian tropism | Stomach, Large intestine |
| Property | Warm |
| Flavor | Acrid/pungent, Bitter |
| Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" | Middle |
| TCM: Classification | Anthelmintics |
| TCM: Medicinal effects | To kill worms, to remove undigested food, to promote the flow of qi, and to stop malarial attacks. Used for taeniasis, ascariasis, fasciolopsiasis, abdominal pain due to intestinal parasitosis, diarrhea and tenesmus due to accumulation of undigested food, edema and weakness of the legs, and malaria. |
| Remarks | Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed. |
| References | TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998. |
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
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| Nuclear | Chloroplast | Mitochondria | |||||||||||||||||
| Botanical source: Plant name | 5Ss | 18S | ITS1 | 5.8S | ITS2 | 26S | others | trnH-psbA | matK | trnK | trnK-rps16 | trnT-L | trnL | trnL-F | rbcL | rpoC1 | ndhF | others | |
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