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Chrysanthemum Flower
Chrysanthemum Flower
菊花(甘)
Market name:菊花(甘)
Photo location:Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med.
TMPW No.:15408
Chrysanthemum indicum
Plant name:Chrysanthemum indicum
Photo location:Zhejiang Prov., China
Photo date:2009
Photographer:K. Komatsu

Synonym  
Latin name Chrysanthemi Flos
Botanical source: Family name Asteraceae (=Compositae)
Botanical source: Plant name - Chrysanthemum indicum Linné (IPNI:193510-1)
- Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramatuelle (IPNI:193606-1)
Part used Dried capitulm
Empirical criteria for quality selection Good one is bulky, yellow and has a lot of petals. The newer the better (NI).
Constituents Fatty acids:
[C. morifolium]: Acetic acid, Propionic acid

Monosaccharides:
[C. morifolium (flower)]: Fructose, Glucose, Arabinose, Galactose, Rhamnose, Ribose

Oligosaccharides:
[C. morifolium (flower)]: Sucrose

Monoterpenoids:
[C. morifolium]: 2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid (flower), Borneol, Bornyl acetate, Camphor, α-Thujione

Flavones & Flavonols:
[C. morifolium (flower)]: Apigeninglucoside

Other aromatic derivatives:
[C. morifolium]: Benzoic acid, Benzaldehyde, Anisaldehyde

Simple nitrogen containing compounds:
[C. morifolium]: Adenine, Choline (flower)

Unknown:
[C. morifolium]: Acacetin-7-rhamnoglucoside (flower), Stachydrine, Chrysanthenone
Pharmacological effects Weak hypohypothermic (malfunction of the circulatory system in overdose), enhancement of capillary-resistant, antibacterial (Chrysanthemum Flower produced in Hangzhou Prov.: various cutaneous fungus)
Indications As antifebrile, antidote, painkiller and anti-inflammatory, it is applied to treat common cold, fever, chill, headache, eye swelling, dizzing and swollen carbuncle. It is also used for arteriosclerosis and hypercholesteremia. It is taken as medicinal tea.
Diseases Fever, Headache, Cough, Sore throat, Red eye, Bleary eyes, Decreaced vision, Vertigo, Stagger
Formulas kogikujiogan , jijinmeimokuto , seijokentsuto , senkanmeimokuto , chotosan
Meridian tropism Lung, Liver
Property Slightly cold
Flavor Sweet, Bitter
Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" Superior
TCM: Classification Diaphoretics
TCM: Medicinal effects To disperse wind and clear heat, pacify the liver to improve vision, clear heat and remove toxin.
Used for common cold caused by wind-heat, headache and dizziness, red painful swelling eyes, blurry vision, sore, abscess, swelling and toxin.
Remarks Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed.
References NI: N. Isshiki, Methods of Quality Evaluation and Preparation of Wakan-yaku, Tohodo Shoten, Tokyo, 1987.
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
Gene Region
Nuclear Chloroplast Mitochondria
Botanical source: Plant name 5Ss 18S ITS1 5.8S ITS2 26S others trnH-psbA matK trnK trnK-rps16 trnT-L trnL trnL-F rbcL rpoC1 ndhF others
Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramatuelle (IPNI:193606-1)
trnS-trnC
 AY865210
trnG-trnT
  AY865254
trnE-trnY-rpoB
  AY865304
16S-trnI-trnA
  EF010922
 EF010923
rpl16
  EF091653
 EF091654
 EF091656
 EF091658
Chrysanthemum indicum Linné (IPNI:193510-1)
BADH
 EF683590
CHS24
 AF511461
CHS3
 AF511459
CHS39
 AF511462
CHS4
 AF511460
ETS
 AB359822
 AB359823
 AB359824
 

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Section of Pharmacognosy,
Division of Medicinal Resources,
Department of Research and Development,
Institute of Natural Medicine,
University of Toyama
2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
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