Cyperus Rhizome
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Market name：香附子 Photo location：Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med. TMPW No.：115 |
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Plant name：Cyperus rotundus Photo location：Kyoto Pref., Japan Photo date：1988 Photographer：M. Mikage |
| Synonym | |
| Latin name | Cyperi Rhizoma |
| Botanical source: Family name | Cyperaceae |
| Botanical source: Plant name | Cyperus rotundus Linné (IPNI:305797-1) |
| Part used | Rhizome |
| Empirical criteria for quality selection | Good one is large, dense and has a strong aroma. The one with dark inside is not good (TN). |
| Constituents | Lipids: [Indian C. rotundus]: Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid, Oleic acid, Myristic acid, Glycerides of stearic acid Monosaccharides: [Indian C. rotundus]: Glucose, Fructose Terpenoids (Essential oils): Cyperene, Cyperol, Isocyperol, Cyperotundone, Sugeonol, Sugetriol, Cyperolone, Kobusone, Isokobusone, Patchchoulenyl acetate, Sugeonyl acetate; [Indian C. rotundus]: α-Cyperone, β-Cyperone, l-α-Pinene, Copadiene Triterpenoids: Oleanoic acid, 3-O-(2-Rhamnoglucosyl)-oleanoic acid |
| Pharmacological effects | Suppression of uterine contraction and analgesic (extract). Antibacterial. |
| Indications | As an emmenagogue, clearing blood and painkiller, it is applied to treat paramenia, algomenorrhea, spiritual instability due to gynecologic disorder, stomachache, abdominal pain, lack of appetite and etc. |
| Diseases | Pain due to flatulence of hypochondrium, Full stomach, Depression, Feeling of pressure in the chest, Vomitting, Dyspepsia, Lower abdominal pain, Menorrhalgia, Irregular menstruation |
| Formulas | ureitsukisan , kishukunichinto , kyukichoketsuin , kyukichoketsuindaiichikagen , koshaheiisan , koshayoito , kosharikkunshito , kososan , goshakusan , saikosokanto , saisoin , shobaito , jiinshihoto , jijintsujito , senkyuchachosan , chikujountanto , nijutsuto , nyoshinsan , bunshoto |
| Meridian tropism | Liver, Triple energizer |
| Property | Neutral |
| Flavor | Acrid/pungent, Slightly bitter |
| Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" | |
| TCM: Classification | Drugs for regulating the flow of vital energy (Drugs for dispelling internal cold) |
| TCM: Medicinal effects | To remove stagnation of qi, regulate menstruation and relieve pain. Used for stagnation of the liver qi characterized by distending pain in the chest, hypochondria and epigastrium, indigestion, a feeling of stuffiness in the chest and epigastrium, abdominal colic, distending pain in the breast, menstrual disorders, amenorrhea or dysmenorrhea. |
| Remarks | Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed. |
| References | TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998. |
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
| Gene Region | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nuclear | Chloroplast | Mitochondria | |||||||||||||||||
| Botanical source: Plant name | 5Ss | 18S | ITS1 | 5.8S | ITS2 | 26S | others | trnH-psbA | matK | trnK | trnK-rps16 | trnT-L | trnL | trnL-F | rbcL | rpoC1 | ndhF | others | |
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