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Gardenia Fruit
Gardenia Fruit
山梔子
Market name:山梔子
Photo location:Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med.
TMPW No.:19903
Gardenia sp.
Plant name:Gardenia sp.
Photo location:China
Photographer:K. Komatsu

Synonym Cape Jasmine Fruit
Latin name Gardeniae Fructus
Botanical source: Family name Rubiaceae
Botanical source: Plant name Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis (IPNI:751073-1)
Part used Dried ripe fruit
Empirical criteria for quality selection G. jasminoides: circular fruit, G. jasminoides var. glandiflora ovoid fruit. Fruit circular, fully grown, sanguine in color is considered superior in quality (TN).
Constituents Monoterpenoids:
Iridoids: Gardenoside, Geniposide, Genipin, Genipin 1-beta-gentiobioside, Shanzhiside, Methyl decacetylasperuloside, Geniposidic acid, 10-Acetylgeniposide, Gardoside, Scandoside methyl ester;
Geniposide, Gardenoside,
and the following are metabolites: Genipinine, Genipinine monoacetate, Gardenogenin A, Gardenogenin B, Gardenine

Carotenoids:
Crocin (Crocetin + Gentiobiose)

Other aromatic derivatives:
p-オキシケイヒ酸誘導体
Pharmacological effects Aperient, stimulation of bile secretion, suppression of gastric juice secretion, analgesic (geniposide). Stimulation of bile secretion, suppression of increase in bilirubin and cholesterol in blood (crocin, crocetin, extract). Hypotensive (extract).
Indications As an antiinflammatory drug, hemostatic, sedative, for normalizing the function of gallbladder, it is applied to treat fidgetiness (mental instability) due to congestion or inflammation, hematemesis, hematuria, congestion and jaundice. For external use, the powder should be blended with the powder of huangbo and other materials, then kneaded with vinegar. It is applied to bruise externally.
Diseases Malaise due to feeling hot in the chest, High fever, Disturbance of consciousness, Red eye, Feeling of bitter in the mouth, Thirst, Jaundice, Urodynia, Dysuria, Cloudy urine, Hematemesis, Nasal hemorrhage, Hematochezia, Hematuria, Internal bleeding, Pyogenic dermatosis, Swelling and pain due to contusion, Burn
Formulas inchinkoto , unseiin , orengedokuto , kagenryokakusan (asada) , kagenryokakusan (kyoteiken) , kakkonkokato , kamikihito , kamigedokuto , kamishoyosan , kamishoyosankasenkyujio , karokijitsuto , keigairengyoto , gorinsan , saikoseikanto , shishikankyoto , shishishito , shishihakuhito , shin'iseihaito , jijinmeimokuto , seijobofuto , seihaito , senkanmeimokuto , bofutsushosan , rikakuto , ryutanshakanto , ryokakusan
Meridian tropism Heart, Liver, Lung, Kidney
Property Cold
Flavor Bitter
Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" Middle
TCM: Classification Antipyretics
TCM: Medicinal effects To reduce fire and ease the mind, to eliminate damp heat, to remove heat from blood and counteract toxicity.
Used for febrile disease with restlessness, jaundice with dark urine, hematuria with difficult painful urination, hemoptysis and epistaxis caused by heat in the blood, inflammation of the eye, boils and sores, external use for sprains and bruises.
Remarks Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed.
References TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998.
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
Gene Region
Nuclear Chloroplast Mitochondria
Botanical source: Plant name 5Ss 18S ITS1 5.8S ITS2 26S others trnH-psbA matK trnK trnK-rps16 trnT-L trnL trnL-F rbcL rpoC1 ndhF others
Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis (IPNI:751073-1)
atpB-rbcL
 FJ493372
 

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Section of Pharmacognosy,
Division of Medicinal Resources,
Department of Research and Development,
Institute of Natural Medicine,
University of Toyama
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