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Japanese Zanthoxylum Peel
Japanese Zanthoxylum Peel
サンショウ
Market name:サンショウ
Photo location:Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med.
TMPW No.:11526
アサクラザンショウ
Plant name:アサクラザンショウ
Photo location:Kyoto Pref., Japan
Photo date:1989
Photographer:K. Komatsu

Synonym  
Latin name Zanthoxyli Piperiti Pericarpium
Botanical source: Family name Rutaceae
Botanical source: Plant name Zanthoxylum piperitum De Candolle (IPNI:775951-1)
Part used Pericarp
Empirical criteria for quality selection Good one is fresh. It has a strong odor and sharp pungency. (TN)
Constituents Monoterpenoids:
Z. piperitum: Dipentene, Citronellal, Limonene, β-Phellandrene, Geraniol, Citronellol, Myrcene, Linalool, Linalyl acetate, β-Caryophyllene, Geranyl acetate
Z. piperitum f. inerme: Myrcene, Limonene, β-Phellandrene, Linalool, Citronellal, Linalyl acetate, β-Caryophyllene, Geraniol, Geranyl acetate

Sterols:
Z. piperitum: Campesterol, Stigmasterol, β-Sitosterol

Plant hormones:
Z. piperitum: Xanthoxin

Flavonoids:
Z. piperitum: Quercitrin, Afzelin, Hesperidin

Tannins:
Z. piperitum: Hyperine

Other nitrogen compounds:
Z. piperitum: α-Sanshool, β-Sanshool, γ-Sanshool, Hydroxy-α-sanshool, Hydroxy-β-sanshool, Hydroxy-γ-sanshool, Sanshoamide;
Z. piperitum f. inerme: α-Sanshool, β-Sanshool, γ-Sanshool, Hydroxy-α-sanshool, Hydroxy-β-sanshool, Hydroxy-γ-sanshool
Pharmacological effects Stomachic property, antiflatulent, diuresis, vermifugal, excitation of vasomotor center and respiratory center (xanthoxin), extrapyramidal impairment (sanshotoxin), vermifugal (alcohol extract), blood pressure (saline leaching solution: increase and then decrease).
Indications As an aromatic stomachic, antiflatulent, carminative and anthelmintic, it is applied to treat gastroptosis, gastric dilatation, indigestion, gastrointestinal pain with cold sensation, nausea and roundworm infection.
Diseases Stomachache, Vomitting, Roundworm, Gastroptosis
Formulas uzushakusekishiganryo , shobaito , daikenchuto , chukenchuto , tokito , reitakutsukito , reitakutsukitokashin'i
Meridian tropism Spleen, Stomach, Lung, Kidney
Property Extremely hot, toxic
Flavor Acrid/pungent
Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" Inferior
TCM: Classification Drugs for dispelling cold
TCM: Medicinal effects To warm the middle energizer and relieve pain, kill worms.
Remarks Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed.
References  
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
Gene Region
Nuclear Chloroplast Mitochondria
Botanical source: Plant name 5Ss 18S ITS1 5.8S ITS2 26S others trnH-psbA matK trnK trnK-rps16 trnT-L trnL trnL-F rbcL rpoC1 ndhF others
Zanthoxylum piperitum De Candolle (IPNI:775951-1)
 

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Section of Pharmacognosy,
Division of Medicinal Resources,
Department of Research and Development,
Institute of Natural Medicine,
University of Toyama
2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
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