Red Ginseng
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Market name：紅参 Photo location：Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med. TMPW No.：8907 |
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Plant name：Panax ginseng Photo location：Yunnan Prov., China Photo date：1999 Photographer：S. Yamaji |
| Synonym | |
| Latin name | Ginseng Radix Rubra |
| Botanical source: Family name | Araliaceae |
| Botanical source: Plant name | Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer (IPNI:91472-1) |
| Part used | Root, after being steamed |
| Empirical criteria for quality selection | Good one is fat and dense. The one which has liner soft parts in its internal is lower quality (TN). |
| Constituents | Other aliphatic and related compounds: Panaxynol, Panaxydol, Heptadece-1-en-4,6-diyn-3,9-diol Monosaccharides: D-Glucose, D-Fructose Oligosaccharides: Trisaccharide A, Trisaccharide B, Trisaccharide C Sesquiterpenoids: Panacene, β-Elemene Triterpenoid saponins: Ginsenoside R0, Ginsenoside Ra1, Ginsenoside Ra2, Ginsenoside Rb1, Ginsenoside Rb2, Ginsenoside Rb3, Ginsenoside Rc, Ginsenoside Rd, Ginsenoside Re, Ginsenoside Rf, Ginsenoside Rg1, Ginsenoside Rg2, Ginsenoside Rh, Oleanolic acid, (20S)-Protopanaxadiol, (20S)-Protopanaxatriol Sterols: β-Sitosterol, β-Sitosteryl-glucoside Simple nitrogen containing compounds: Choline Other: Vitamin B-Group |
| Pharmacological effects | Not known |
| Indications | Not known |
| Diseases | Lack of energy, Coldness of limbs, Fatigable, Anorexia, Muddy and watery stool, Visceroptosis, Descent of the uterus, Proctoptosis, Diarrhea, Dyspnea, Cough, Shortness of breath, High fever, Thirst, Spontaneous sweating, Hyperhidrosis, Polyuria, Anxiety, Insomnia, Palpitation, Amnesia |
| Formulas | |
| Meridian tropism | Lung, Spleen, Heart |
| Property | Slightly warm |
| Flavor | Sweet, Slightly bitter |
| Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" | Superior |
| TCM: Classification | Qi tonics (Drugs for replenishing Qi [vital energy]) |
| TCM: Medicinal effects | To replenish vital essence, promote blood circulation and relieve collapse and to reinforce qi and to stanch bleeding. |
| Remarks | Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed. |
| References | TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998. |
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
| Gene Region | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nuclear | Chloroplast | Mitochondria | |||||||||||||||||
| Botanical source: Plant name | 5Ss | 18S | ITS1 | 5.8S | ITS2 | 26S | others | trnH-psbA | matK | trnK | trnK-rps16 | trnT-L | trnL | trnL-F | rbcL | rpoC1 | ndhF | others | |
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