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Red Peony Root
Red Peony Root
赤芍
Market name:赤芍
Photo location:Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med.
TMPW No.:25047
Paeonia veitchii
Plant name:Paeonia veitchii
Photo date:1996
Photographer:K. Komatsu

Synonym  
Latin name Paeoniae Radix Rubra
Botanical source: Family name Paeoniaceae
Botanical source: Plant name Paeonia lactiflora Pallas (IPNI:711802-1)
Part used Root with epidermis
Empirical criteria for quality selection Root thick and long; outer bark easily exfoliated; surface longitudinally furrowed and wrinkled deeply; fracture white in color and rich in powder.
Constituents Monoterpenoids:
[P. lactiflora Pall. var. trichocarpa Stern.: Paeoniflorin, Albiflorin, Oxypaeoniflorin, Paeoniflorigenone, Paeonilactones;
[P. albiflora Pall. var. trichocarpa Bunge (metabolites): Paeonilactone-A, Paeonilactone-B, Paeonilactone-C;
[P. albiflora Pall.]: Paeoniflorin, Oxypaeoniflorin, Benzoylpaeoniflorin, Desbenzoylpaeoniflorin, Albiflorin, Paeoniflorigenone, 6-OAcetylpaeoniflorigenone,
and the following are metabolites: 7S-Paeonimetaboline I, 7R-Paeonimetaboline I, 6-OAcetylpaeonimetaboline I, Paeonimetaboline II, Paeonimetaboline III, Paeonilactone-A (Metabolite-A1), Paeonilactone-B (Metabolite-A2), Metabolite A1-acetate, 7S-Paeonimetaboline-6-O-3,5-dinitrophenyl carbamate, 7R-Paeonimetaboline-6-O-3,5-dinitrophenyl carbamate, 7S-8-(2-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(2-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-(2-Hydroxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(2-Hydroxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-Benzoylthiopaeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-enzoylthiopaeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(Carboxymethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-(Carboxymethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(2'-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-(2'-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(5'-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-(5'-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, Pentaacetylpaeoniflorin, Tetraacetylpaeoniflorin, Albimetaboline I, Albimetaboline II;
[P. albiflora (metabolites)]: 7S-Paeonimetaboline I, 7R-Paeonimetaboline I, Paeonimetaboline II, Paronimetaboline III

Triterpenoids:
[P. albiflora]: Palbinone

Tannins:
Tetra~Undecagalloylglucose, d-Catechin, Procyanidin B-1;
[P. lactiflora var. trichocarpa]: Tetragalloylglucose, Pentagalloylglucose, Hexagalloylglucose;
[P. albiflora]: Gallotannins

Other aromatic compounds:
[P. lactiflora var. trichocarpa]: Benzoic acid
Pharmacological effects Antiinflammatory, antihypertensive, sedative (paeoniflorin). Inhibition of stress ulcer. Antispasmodic, improvement of experimental spatial cognitive impairment (water extract, paeoniflorin). Central antispasmodic effect (paeoniflorin, paeonimetabolin I). Antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and etc).
Indications It is effective for invigorating blood, breaking stagnation and resolving swollen abscesses. It is applied to treat pain in lower abdomen and lumbar backache caused by blood heat stagnation. It is also used to treat gynecological disease such as menopause.
Diseases Lower back pain, Abdominal pain, Swelling and pain due to contusion, Anginal pain, Nasal hemorrhage, Irregular menstruation
Formulas
Meridian tropism Liver
Property Slightly cold
Flavor Bitter
Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing"  
TCM: Classification Drugs for eliminating pathological heat from blood
TCM: Medicinal effects To clear heat and cool the blood, dissipate stasis and relieve pain.
Used for heat entering nutrient-blood aspects, macula and papule caused by warm toxin, hematemesis and epistaxis, red painful swelling eyes, liver depression with hypochondriac pain, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain caused by aggregation and accumulation, injuries from falls, swelling abscess, sore and ulcer.
Remarks  
References  
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
Gene Region
Nuclear Chloroplast Mitochondria
Botanical source: Plant name 5Ss 18S ITS1 5.8S ITS2 26S others trnH-psbA matK trnK trnK-rps16 trnT-L trnL trnL-F rbcL rpoC1 ndhF others
Paeonia lactiflora Pallas (IPNI:711802-1)
GPAT
 AY016249
Adh2
  DQ313772
 DQ313773
 AF009068
Adh1A
  AF009049
 AF009050
rps16-trnQ
 DQ313804
matR
 EU281114
 

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Traditional Medical & Pharmaceutical Database


Section of Pharmacognosy,
Division of Medicinal Resources,
Department of Research and Development,
Institute of Natural Medicine,
University of Toyama
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