Scutellaria Root
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Market name：黄芩 Photo location：Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med. TMPW No.：18504 |
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Plant name：Scutellaria baicalensis Photo location：Inner Mongolia, China Photo date：1994 Photographer：K. Komatsu |
| Synonym | |
| Latin name | Scutellariae Radix |
| Botanical source: Family name | Labiatae |
| Botanical source: Plant name | Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (IPNI:458155-1) |
| Part used | Root |
| Empirical criteria for quality selection | Good one is thick, long and dense. It is yellow without outer cover (NI). Shandon-huangqin and Rehe-huangqin are the highest quality. |
| Constituents | Monosaccharides: D-Glucose Oligosaccharides: Sucrose Sterols: β-Sitosterol, Campesterol, Stigmasterol Flavones & Flavonols: Baicalin, Baicalein, Wogonin, Oroxylin A, 5,7,4'-Trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone, 5,7,2',6-Tetrahydroxyflavone, Skullcapflavone I, Skullcapflavone II, 5,8-Dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone, Oroxylin A glucuronide, Koganebananin, Wogonin-7-O-glucuronide |
| Pharmacological effects | Antifebrile, detoxicant, enhancement of bile secretion, inhibition of the secretion of gastric juices, antiinflammatory, antiallergic, antibacterial, improvement of lipid metabolism, inhibition of thrombus formation, acts on arachidonic acid metabolic system, etc. (flavonoids). |
| Indications | As an antiinflammatory and antifebrile, it is applied to treat inflammation, congestion, stuffiness in the abdomen, diarrhea, and stomachache. |
| Diseases | Feeling of pressure in the chest, Vomitting, Full stomach, Diarrhea, Cough, High fever, Swelling and pain of the throat, Pyogenic dermatosis, Threatened abortion, Hematemesis, Nasal hemorrhage |
| Formulas | unseiin , ogonkahangeshokyoto , ogonto , odoto , oren'akyoto , orengedokuto , otsujito , otsujitokyodaio , kagenryokakusan (asada) , kagenryokakusan (kyoteiken) , kakkon'oren'ogonto , kamigedokuto , karokijitsuto , kankyooren'ogon'ninjinto , kanzoshashinto , kanroin , keigairengyoto , gorinsan , saikatsugekito , saikatsutokasenkyushin'i , saikanto , saikyohangeto , saikokaboshoto , saikokaryukotsuboreito , saikokikitsuto , saikokeishikankyoto , saikokeishito , saikoseikanto , saisoin , saibokuto , saireito , san'osan , san'oshashinto , sammotsuogonto , shokyoshashinto , shosaikoto , shosaikotokakikyosekko , shozokumeito , shin'iseihaito , jijintsujito , junchoto , seikiankaito , seishitsuketanto , seishinrenshiin , seijokentsuto , seijobofuto , seihaito , senkanmeimokuto , daioorenshashinto , daisaikoto , daisaikotokyodaio , tokisan , nijutsuto , nyoshinsan , hangeshashinto , bushishashinto , hokikenchuto , hontonto (kinkiyoryaku) , bofutsushosan , ryutanshakanto , ryokakusan |
| Meridian tropism | Heart, Lung, Gall bladder, Large intestine, Small intestine |
| Property | Cold |
| Flavor | Bitter |
| Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" | Middle |
| TCM: Classification | Antipyretics (Drugs for elimination heat and dampness) |
| TCM: Medicinal effects | To clear away heat and relieve dampness, purge the sthenic fire and detoxify, stop bleeding, prevent miscarriage. Used for discomfort in the chest, nausea and vomiting in epidemic febrile disease caused by damp-heat or summer-heat, feeling of stiffness in the abdomen, acute dysentery or jaundice, cough due to heat in the lung, high fever with dire thirst, spitting of blood and epistaxis due to heat in the blood, carbuncle and sores, threatened abortion. |
| Remarks | Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed. New roots with a dense internal part are called Zigin (Tiaogin, Zhigin and Wanzhou). The apexes of the roots are called Jiangin. Sugin and Kugin are the old roots, partially rotted with hollows. The flakes are called Piangin or Pingshou. |
| References | NI: N. Isshiki, Methods of Quality Evaluation and Preparation of Wakan-yaku, Tohodo Shoten, Tokyo, 1987. |
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
| Gene Region | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nuclear | Chloroplast | Mitochondria | |||||||||||||||||
| Botanical source: Plant name | 5Ss | 18S | ITS1 | 5.8S | ITS2 | 26S | others | trnH-psbA | matK | trnK | trnK-rps16 | trnT-L | trnL | trnL-F | rbcL | rpoC1 | ndhF | others | |
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