Atractylodes Rhizome
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Market name：韓国白朮 Photo location：Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med. TMPW No.：9808 |
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Plant name：Atractylodes japonica Photo location：Kyoto Pref., Japan Photo date：1989 Photographer：S. Yamaji |
| Synonym | |
| Latin name | Atractylodis Rhizoma |
| Botanical source: Family name | Asteraceae (=Compositae) |
| Botanical source: Plant name | - Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi ex Kitamura (IPNI:182974-1) - Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi (IPNI:182978-1) |
| Part used | Rhizome |
| Empirical criteria for quality selection | Good one has not been damaged by insects and has a strong odor. Chinese one is better in quality.(TN) |
| Constituents | Other aliphatic and related compounds: [A. japonica]: Diacetylatractylodiol, (4E,6E,12E)-Tetradecatriene-8,10-diyne-1,3-diol diacetate, (6E,12E)-Tetradecadiene-8,10-diyne-1,3-diol diacetate; [A. ovata]: (4E,6E,12E)-1-Acetoxy-3-senecioyloxytetradeca-4,6,12-trien-8,10-diyn-14-ol, (4E,6E,12E)-1-Acetoxy-3-isovaleryloxytetradeca-4,6,12-trien-8,10-diyn-14-ol Polysaccharides: [A. japonica]: Atractan A, Atractan B, Atractan C Sesquiterpenoids: Eudesma-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one; [A. japonica]: Atractylone, 3beta-Acetoxyatractylone, 3beta-Hydroxyatractylone, Atractylenolide I, Atractylenolide II, Atractylenolide III, 4(15),7(11)-Selinadien-8-one; [A. ovata]: Atractylone, γ-Cadinene, γ-Patchoulene |
| Pharmacological effects | Antiinflammatory (decoction). Diuretic (ethanol extract). Antitumor (decoction). |
| Indications | As a stomachic, diuretic, antidiarrheal drug, for regulating digestion, stopping sweating, it is applied to treat gastroenteritis, indigestion, diarrhea, poor urination by impaired hepatic function, frequent urination, edema, debilitation, spontaneous sweating and general aching of the body. In Chinese medicine, it is a key medicine for eliminating dampness. It is widely used for one with deficiency of spleen-qi. |
| Diseases | Dyspepsia, Colitis, Anorexia, Muddy and watery stool, Full stomach, Malaise, Abdominal pain, Chill, Edema, Oliguria, Lightheadedness, Vertigo, Diarrhea, Spontaneous sweating, Threatened abortion, Swelling and pain of joint |
| Formulas | ishoho , ifuto , ireito , inchingoreisan , ureitsukisan , eppikajutsuto , eppikajutsubuto , kashokuyohito , kakkoshokisan , kakkonkajutsubuto , kamikihito , kamishimotsuto , kamishoyosan , kamishoyosankasenkyujio , kamiheiisan , kanzobushito , kijutsuto , kihito , kyukichoketsuin , kyukichoketsuindaiichikagen , keishikajutsubuto , keishikaryojutsubuto , keishikyokeikabukuryobyakujutsuto , keishishakuyakuchimoto , keishinieppiittokajutsubu , keishininjinto , keihito , koshaheiisan , koshayoito , kosharikkunshito , goshakusan , goreisan , saishakurikkunshito , saireito , shikunshito , shofusan , shoyosan , shireito , shimbuto , jiinkokato , jiinshihoto , juzentaihoto , jofuto , jinryobyakujutsusan , seishitsuketanto , seishoekkito , seijokentsuto , seinetsuhokito , zenshikunshito , zenshibyakujutsusan , sokeikakketsuto , takushato , takurishodokuin , daibofuto , teikiin , tokisan , tokishakuyakusan , tokishakuyakusankaogichoto , tokishakuyakusankaninjin , tokishakuyakusankabushi , nijutsuto , nyoshinsan , ninjinto , ninjin'yoeito , hachigesan , hangebyakujutsutemmato , byakujutsubushito , fukankinshokisan , bukuryoin , bukuryoinkahange , bukuryoingohangekobokuto , bukuryotakushato , bushito , bushirichuto , bunshoto , heiisan , hokikenchuto , hochuekkito , boiogito , bofutsushosan , maokajutsuto , meiroin , yokuininto , yokukankashakuyaku , yokukansan , yokukansankashakuyakuoren , yokukansankachimpihange , rikkunshito , ryokyojutsukanto , ryokeijutsukanto , renjuin |
| Meridian tropism | Spleen, Stomach |
| Property | Warm |
| Flavor | Sweet, Slightly bitter |
| Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" | Superior |
| TCM: Classification | Tonics |
| TCM: Medicinal effects | To invigorate the function of the spleen replenish qi, to eliminate damp by causing diuresis, to arrest excessive perspiration, and to prevent miscarriage. Used for hypofunction of the spleen with anorexia, abdominal distention and diarrhea, dizziness and palpitation due to retention of phlegm and fluid, edema, spontaneous sweating, threatened abortion. |
| Remarks | Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed. |
| References | TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998. |
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
| Gene Region | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nuclear | Chloroplast | Mitochondria | |||||||||||||||||
| Botanical source: Plant name | 5Ss | 18S | ITS1 | 5.8S | ITS2 | 26S | others | trnH-psbA | matK | trnK | trnK-rps16 | trnT-L | trnL | trnL-F | rbcL | rpoC1 | ndhF | others | |
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