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Processed Ginger
Processed Ginger
乾姜
Market name:乾姜
Photo location:Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med.
TMPW No.:16753
Zingiber officinale
Plant name:Zingiber officinale
Photo location:Toyama Pref., Japan
Photo date:1983
Photographer:H. Fujino

Synonym  
Latin name Zingiberis Rhizoma Processum
Botanical source: Family name Zingiberaceae
Botanical source: Plant name Zingiber officinale Roscoe (IPNI:798372-1)
Part used Rhizome, after being passed through hot water.
Empirical criteria for quality selection  
Constituents Other aliphatic and related compounds:
Methylheptenone, Nonylaldehyde

Monoterpenoids:
β-Phellandrene, Camphene, Citral, Linalool, d-Borneol, Farnesene, α-Terpineol, Nerol, Sabinene, 1,8-Cineol, Myrcene

Sesquiterpenoids:
Zingiberol, α-Zingiberene, α-Bisabolene, β-Bisabolene, γ-Bisabolene, α-Curcumene, β-Curcumene, Zerumbone

Other aromatic derivatives:
Hexahydrocurcumine, Dihydrogingerol, Desmethylhexahydrocurcumine, Zingerone, Shogaol, [6]-Gingerol, [8]-Gingerol, [10]-Gingerol, Dehydrogingerone
Pharmacological effects Supression of central nervous system ([6]-gingerol, [6]-shogaol). Analgesic ([6]-shogaol). Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis ([6]-gingerol, [6]-dehydrogingerone). Spasmolytic (essential oil). Conduction anesthesia (water extract). Antitumor (water extract). Antiemetic (ginger juice).
Indications It is applied to abdominal pain with cold feeling, lumbago and diarrhea. In chinese medicine, it is applied to treat cold in the interior synptom-complex.
Diseases Pain due to abdominal coldness, Diarrhea, Vomitting, Coldness of limbs, Weak pulse, Cough, Dyspnea, A lot of sputum
Formulas uzushakusekishiganryo , uyakujunkisan , orento , ompito , kaikyushokushoto , kankyooren'ogon'ninjinto , kankyoninjinhangegan , kankyobushito , kanzokankyoto , kanzoshashinto , kishukunichinto , kyukichoketsuin , kyukichoketsuindaiichikagen , kyutsugan , keishininjinto , kenchuto , goshakusan , saikokeishikankyoto , shigyakukaninjinto , shigyakuto , shishikankyoto , shokyoshashinto , shoseiryuto , shoseiryutokakyoninsekko , shoseiryutokasekko , shobaito , jinsoin , soshikokito , zokumeito , daikenchuto , daibofuto , chukenchuto , tsumyakushigyakukachotanjuto , tsumyakushigyakuto , tokato , tokito , ninjinto , hangeshashinto , hangebyakujutsutemmato , byakutsukachotanjuto , byakutsuto , bukuryoshigyakuto , bushirichuto , ryokankyomishingeninto , ryokyojutsukanto
Meridian tropism Heart, Lung, Spleen, Stomach
Property Extremely hot
Flavor Extremely acrid/pungent
Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" Middle
TCM: Classification Drugs for dispelling internal cold
TCM: Medicinal effects To dispel cold from the spleen and the stomach, to promote recovery from collapse, relieve pain, and to eliminate damp and phlegm: For epigastric pain with cold feeling, vomiting and diarrhea accompanied by cold extremities and faint pulse, dyspnea and cough with copious frothy expectoration.
Remarks Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed.
Since ancient times, shengjiang, in Chinese Traditiona Medicine, has been representing fresh ginger, and ganjiang means dried one. That is, dried shengjiang (or ganshengjiang) in Chinese drug market indicates ganjiang in Kampo. Then ganjiang in the market means dried, after steamed, shengjiang. It can be called processed one. In China, in contrast, fresh ginger is shengjiang and dried one is ganjiang.
In addition, there is Paojiang which is a processed medicine. Paojiang is made as follows. First of all, the clean sand (gefen, huashifen) should be into a pan and heated at strong fire. The dried unpeeled shengjiang is added in and mixed them until the surface swells and the color turns to brown. Then it is picked up and cooled in air.
References  
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
Gene Region
Nuclear Chloroplast Mitochondria
Botanical source: Plant name 5Ss 18S ITS1 5.8S ITS2 26S others trnH-psbA matK trnK trnK-rps16 trnT-L trnL trnL-F rbcL rpoC1 ndhF others
Zingiber officinale Roscoe (IPNI:798372-1)
CHS1
 DQ089697
CHS2
  DQ851164
CHS3
  DQ851165
CHS4
  DQ851166
rps16
 AF141095
 

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